Which term describes the status characterized by stable self-esteem and healthy psychological functioning due to both exploration and commitment to identity?

The term that describes the status characterized by stable self-esteem and healthy psychological functioning due to both exploration and commitment to identity is identity achievement. In this status, individuals have successfully explored various options related to their identity, such as beliefs, values, and goals. They have gone through a process of consideration and experimentation but ultimately have made firm commitments to their identity, which leads to a greater sense of self and psychological well-being.

Identity achievement contrasts with other statuses in several ways. For example, individuals in identity diffusion may not have made any commitments and are often characterized by a lack of direction. Those in identity moratorium are actively exploring but have yet to reach commitments, resulting in uncertainty and anxiety. Lastly, identity foreclosure occurs when individuals make commitments without sufficient exploration; they accept certain identities from others, leading to a lack of personal choice and understanding.

Thus, identity achievement is seen as the most stable and positive status concerning identity development, encompassing both self-exploration and commitment, which ultimately contributes to healthy self-esteem and psychological functioning.