In late adulthood, what stage involves reflecting on one's life and facing death with either satisfaction or bitterness?

The process of reflecting on one's life and facing the prospect of death is central to the stage known as Integrity vs. Despair, which Erik Erikson identified as the final stage of his psychosocial development theory. In late adulthood, individuals evaluate their life experiences, accomplishments, and relationships, ultimately leading to a feeling of integrity if they perceive their life as having been meaningful and fulfilling. This sense of integrity fosters acceptance of one's life and the inevitability of death.

Conversely, those who look back with regret or disappointment may experience despair, feeling unfulfilled or wishing they had made different choices. This reflection is crucial as it is a way for individuals to come to terms with their life story and find peace or face existential concerns. This stage emphasizes the importance of life review and the impact of one's legacy, and highlights how feelings of satisfaction can lead to a sense of wisdom, while bitterness can lead to stagnation and fear of the end.

The other stages mentioned focus on different developmental challenges and are relevant to earlier life stages. They do not pertain to the specific reflections and existential considerations that characterize late adulthood.